Absolute Grading means a grading system where student performance is evaluated against fixed standards rather than relative to peers.
Academic Achievement refers to the measurable success of a student in educational pursuits, which is often indicated by grades, test scores, or awarded honors.
An academic Advisor is a professional who guides students on course selection, academic planning, and career development.
Academic Benchmark refers to a standard or reference point used to measure and compare academic performance or progress.
Academic Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by prolonged academic stress.
Academic Performance means the level of overall achievement of the student while pursuing a course under an organization.
Academia is a term collectively used for scholars, researchers, and institutions involved in higher education and research.
Academic Research is a systematic investigation conducted within educational institutions to grasp new knowledge and derive new experiences in a field.
An academic Degree means a qualification awarded by a college or university upon completing a prescribed course of study.
Accelerated Learning refers to educational programs designed to allow students to progress faster than the standard learning pace.
Accreditation is official recognition that signifies an institution or program meets established quality standards.
Achievement Gap refers to the disparity in academic performance between groups of students, often linked to socioeconomic or demographic factors.
Action Research is research conducted by educators in their own practice to solve practical problems and improve teaching.
Active Learning means instructional methods that engage students in doing things and thinking about what they are doing, rather than passively receiving information.
Agile Learning is a flexible and iterative approach to education that adapts quickly to learner needs and simplifies the learning process.
Alternative Assessment means evaluation methods that go beyond traditional tests, such as portfolios, projects, or presentations.
An assessment Plan is a structured document that outlines the methods, timeline, and criteria for evaluating student learning.
Asynchronous Learning refers to education where students access materials and complete work at their own pace, without any real-time interaction.
Authentic Assessment is an evaluation through real-world tasks that reflect actual applications of knowledge, like simulations or performances.
Autonomous Colleges are the institutions affiliated to a certain specific university but run independently in terms of basic activities and curriculum.
Accrediting Body means an organization that evaluates and grants accreditation to educational institutions or programs.
Alternative Education refers to non-traditional schooling options designed for students who don’t adjust in standard education systems, such as homeschooling or specialized programs.
Assessment is the process of gathering and interpreting evidence to determine student learning and inform instruction.
Backchannel refers to informal online conversations happening alongside a main event, like live-tweeting a lecture.
Balanced assessment means a comprehensive evaluation approach using multiple methods to gauge student learning fairly.
Balanced learning is an educational model that integrates academic, social, emotional, and physical development.
Backward mapping refers to designing a curriculum by starting with desired outcomes and working backward to activities.
Behaviour assessment means evaluating a student’s conduct and patterns to understand and address behavioral issues.
Behaviour management is strategies and techniques used by educators to promote positive classroom conduct.
Blended learning refers to a mix of online digital media and traditional face-to-face classroom methods.
Block scheduling means organizing school days into longer class periods instead of short traditional ones.
BYOD is a policy allowing students to use their personal devices for learning activities.
Brain-based learning refers to teaching methods grounded in neuroscience research on how the brain learns.
Bilingual learning means education delivered in two languages to develop proficiency in both.
Benchmarking in the education field is comparing educational performance against standards or best practices to identify improvements.
Boarding School is a school where students reside and attend classes, without visiting home after class ends.
Critical thinking refers to the objective analysis and evaluation of issues to form reasoned judgments.
Children with special needs are students requiring additional support due to disabilities, learning differences, or giftedness.
The catalogue year is the academic year whose requirements a student follows for graduation.
Campus refers to the physical grounds and buildings of a college or university.
A course means a structured unit of study within a program that often leads to credits.
Continuous Learning refers to constantly improving knowledge and skills.
Casual Staff are temporary or part-time educators hired on a non-permanent basis.
Cognitive Learning is the process of implementing the grasped knowledge and making effective use of knowledge and skills by applying the brain.
Credit Arrangement refers to agreements allowing prior learning or experience to count toward academic credits.
Credit Transfer means applying credits earned at one institution toward a degree at another.
Digital Assessment is the use of electronic tools to evaluate student performance, like online quizzes.
Digital learning refers to education delivered via digital technologies, including online platforms and apps.
A digital classroom is a virtual or tech-enhanced physical space for interactive digital instruction and the learning process.
A digital textbook is an electronic version of a textbook accessible on devices with interactive features.
Direct Instructions refer to teacher-centered methods where explicit teaching delivers structured content.
Dual enrollment means students earn college credits while still in high school.
Deductive Learning refers to a top-down approach, starting with general principles and then applying them to specifics.
Deep learning means advanced comprehension and the ability to apply knowledge creatively, beyond rote memorization.
Diagnostic teaching is instruction customised based on assessing students’ strengths and weaknesses.
Differentiated instructions refer to adjusting teaching to meet diverse student needs, abilities, and interests.
Data-driven assessment means evaluations informed by analyzing student data to guide decisions.
E-learning is education conducted via the internet, often asynchronously.
E-literate refers to being proficient in using digital tools for learning and information management.
Education reforms mean changes to policies, practices, or structures aimed at improving education quality.
Education research is a systematic study of teaching methods, learning processes, and educational outcomes.
The education system refers to the organized framework of schools, curricula, and policies for public instruction.
Educational Psychology is the study of how people learn and how to optimize teaching based on learners’ psychological principles.
Education technology means tools and resources, like software and hardware, that enhance teaching and learning.
Emotional intelligence refers to recognizing, understanding, and managing one’s own emotions and those of others.
Evidence-based learning is instruction supported by research demonstrating its effectiveness.
Experiential learning means learning through direct experience and reflection, like hands-on projects.
Extra-curricular refers to school activities outside the regular curriculum, such as clubs or sports.
External motivation is like a drive from outside rewards or pressures, like grades or praise.
Face-to-face learning means traditional in-person instruction with direct teacher-student interaction.
Faculty refers to the teaching staff or body of instructors at an educational institution.
Final assessment is the culminating evaluation at the end of a course or term, which can be in the form of grades, marks, percentage, or GPA.
Financial Aid means funding support like grants, loans, or scholarships for students’ education costs.
A first-generation student is someone whose parents did not attend college, with he/she being the first in their family to do so.
Fixed mindset refers to the belief that abilities and intelligence are static and unchangeable.
Flexible learning means adaptable education that provides choice in time, place, and pace of study.
The flipped classroom is a model where students learn content at home via videos and then practice in class.
Fluid intelligence refers to the ability to solve problems using reasoning, independent of prior knowledge.
Formative assessment means ongoing evaluations during learning to provide feedback and adjust instruction.
The free-rider problem is when individuals benefit from a group’s efforts in a project without contributing equally.
Governing Body refers to the board or council overseeing an educational institution’s policies and operations.
Grades mean evaluations of student performance, typically as letters or numbers that indicate their achievement levels.
Grade distribution is the spread of grades awarded in a class or across an institution, often shown in a curve.
Graduate refers to a person who has completed a course of study and received a degree or diploma.
Game-based learning is using games to engage students in educational content and skill development.
Gamification refers to applying game elements like points and badges to non-game contexts to boost students’ motivation.
A general course means a broad, non-specialized academic program covering foundational subjects.
GPA is Grade Point Average, which is a numerical measure of academic performance calculated from grades.
Grading curve refers to adjusting grades based on class performance to fit a predetermined distribution.
Grants mean non-repayable funds provided for educational purposes, often based on need or merit.
Group work is collaborative learning where students work together on shared tasks or projects.
Growth Strategies refer to methods to enhance student development academically and personally.
Hands-on learning means experiential education involving direct practice and manipulation of materials.
Hard skill is a specific and teachable ability like coding or data analysis, which is measurable and job-related.
Hidden curriculum refers to unspoken lessons and values learned in school beyond the formal syllabus.
High-order thinking skills mean advanced cognitive abilities like analysis, evaluation, and creation.
A hybrid class is a course combining in-person and online sessions for flexibility.
Hybrid instructions refer to teaching methods blending traditional and digital delivery modes.
Hybrid learning means education integrating online and face-to-face elements for student access.
Hyflex Teaching is a model offering simultaneous in-person and online participation options.
Hyperfixation refers to intense and prolonged focus on a single topic or activity and is common in neurodiverse individuals.
Holistic Learning means education addressing intellectual, emotional, social, and physical development.
Higher Secondary is the post-secondary school stage, typically ages 15-18, and leads to high school completion.
IELTS, i.e., International English Language Testing System, is an English proficiency test conducted to assess a student’s ability to work in English-speaking nations, especially Western nations.
Immersive Learning refers to an experiential technique that uses simulated or artificial environments to completely absorb learners in the subject matter.
Independent Study is a flexible instructional method where a student learns a topic with limited supervision, often at their own pace.
Inclusive Education means a schooling system where students of all backgrounds and abilities learn together in the same environment.
An inclusive classroom refers to a learning space designed to provide every student, regardless of their challenges or differences, providing them with equal access to education.
Indirect Instruction is a student-centered approach where the teacher acts as a facilitator while students explore, observe, and draw conclusions.
Informal Learning means the spontaneous acquisition of knowledge that occurs outside of a structured curriculum or formal classroom setting.
Inquiry-based Learning refers to a pedagogy that prioritizes student questions, ideas, and analyses over the simple memorisation of facts.
Instructional Design is the systematic process of creating educational materials and experiences to make the acquisition of knowledge more efficient.
Integrated Learning means a strategy that connects different subject areas or skills to help students see the “big picture” across disciplines.
An interactive textbook refers to a digital learning tool that uses videos, simulations, and quizzes to engage students beyond traditional text.
An internship is a period of professional work experience offered by an organisation to help a student or graduate gain practical skills in a specific field.
Interim Assessment refers to a test administered at specific intervals throughout the year to evaluate student progress toward long-term goals.
Ivy League is a group of 8 private research universities situated in North-East America.
Junior School is a stage of primary education that typically educates children aged 7 to 11 years.
Just-in-time Teaching is a pedagogical strategy in which instructors adjust their lessons based on student feedback or performance immediately before class begins.
Kinesthetic Learning means a style of education where students learn best through physical activities, hands-on tasks, and direct body movement.
Knowledge Transfer refers to the process of sharing or disseminating information and skills from one person, group, or context to another.
Knowledge Management is the systematic practice of identifying, capturing, and sharing an organization’s collective information to improve performance and innovation.
A leave application is a formal document from a student or the faculty requesting leave.
Learner Characteristics refers to the personal, academic, social, and cognitive traits of students that influence how and what they learn.
Learning Commons is a technology-rich, flexible space, often found in libraries, and is designed to support collaborative study, content creation, and information sharing.
learning environment is an all-encompassing set of stakeholders involved, supporting material, and the decorum set to grasp maximum while studying.
Learning Material refers to any resource or tool, such as textbooks, videos, or digital modules, used by educators to support and enhance the learning process.
Learning Outcomes are measurable statements that describe the specific knowledge, skills, and abilities students should be able to demonstrate after completing a course or lesson.
Learning Management System (LMS) is a software platform used to deliver, track, and manage educational courses and training programs.
Learning Objective refers to a specific, focused statement that describes what an instructor intends for students to achieve during a particular lesson or unit.
Learning Style means an individual’s preferred method or approach to engaging with and processing new information, such as visual or auditory learning.
Learning Technology refers to the use of digital tools, software, and hardware to facilitate and enhance the educational experience of the learner.
A Lesson Plan is a teacher’s detailed guide that outlines the instructional goals, activities, and materials required and to be employed for a specific class session.
Low-stakes Testing refers to assessments, such as quick quizzes or polls, that carry little or no weight toward a final grade and are used to provide feedback on student progress.
Mastery Learning refers to an instructional strategy where students must demonstrate a thorough understanding of a topic before moving on to more complex material.
Mathematical Reasoning is the critical thinking process of analyzing patterns, making conjectures, and using logic to solve mathematical problems.
Memorisation Techniques refer to specific cognitive strategies, such as mnemonics or repetition, used to help encode and retrieve information from memory.
Mentoring means a developmental relationship where a more experienced person provides guidance, support, and knowledge to a less experienced person.
Metacognition refers to the process of thinking about one’s own thinking, involving the awareness and regulation of personal learning strategies.
Motivation is the internal or external drive that initiates, guides, and maintains a student’s goal-oriented behavior toward learning.
Mid-term refers to an examination or assessment administered halfway through an academic term to evaluate student progress.
A mind map is a visual diagram used to organize information hierarchically, showing relationships among pieces of the whole around a central concept.
A MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) refers to a free or low-cost online learning program designed for unlimited participation and open access via the web.
Multicultural Education means an educational approach that integrates the histories, texts, values, and perspectives of people from different cultural backgrounds.
Muddiest Point is a quick classroom assessment technique where students identify the specific part of a lesson or concept that they found most confusing.
Networked Learning refers to a process where information technology is used to promote connections between learners, tutors, and required learning resources.
Neurodiversity is the concept that neurological differences, such as Autism or ADHD, are natural variations of the human genome rather than deficits.
Norm-Referenced Assessment means a type of evaluation that compares a student’s performance against the average performance of a peer group.
Non-formal Education refers to structured educational activities that take place outside the formal schooling system, such as community-based workshops.
Observational Learning is a method of acquiring new skills or behaviors by watching and imitating the actions of others.
Open Curriculum means an academic framework that provides students the freedom to choose their own courses rather than following a rigid set of curriculum requirements.
Opportunity Gap refers to the way in which race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status contribute to unequal access to the resources needed for academic success.
Online Instructions refer to the directions, guidance, and teaching strategies delivered through digital platforms to facilitate remote learning.
Online Learning/Education means an instructional delivery model where students participate in courses provided primarily over the internet.
Online Classroom refers to a virtual space where teachers and students interact, share materials, and conduct lessons in real-time or asynchronously.
Open Education Resource (OER) is any teaching, learning, or research material that resides in the public domain or has been released under an open license.
Organizational Development refers to the systematic study and implementation of strategies to improve the efficiency and health of an educational institution.
Outdoor Learning means a learning approach to education that takes place in natural settings to foster a connection with the environment.
Output Funding refers to a financial model where educational institutions receive funding based on student results, such as graduation rates or test scores.
Partial Outcomes refer to the specific milestones or intermediate achievements reached by a student before they fulfill the final goals of a course.
Pedagogical Knowledge means a teacher’s deep understanding of the processes, practices, and methods of teaching and learning.
Pedagogical Skills refer to the practical abilities and techniques an educator uses to manage a classroom and effectively convey information to students.
Peer Learning is an educational practice where students interact with one another to share knowledge and solve problems collaboratively.
Peer Review refers to the process of students or colleagues evaluating each other’s work to provide constructive feedback and ensure quality.
Peer Counseling is a supportive relationship where trained individuals provide emotional or academic guidance to others within their own age group or status.
Performance Assessment refers to a testing method that requires students to demonstrate their knowledge by performing a specific task or creating a product.
Personalized Learning means an instructional approach that adjusts the pace, methods, and content of education to the specific needs and interests of each learner.
Philosophy of Education is the study of the purpose, nature, and ideals of education, guiding the fundamental beliefs of an instructor or institution.
Postsecondary Education refers to any level of formal learning that occurs after the completion of high school, such as college, university, or vocational school.
Prerequisite Course is a specific class that a student must complete before they are allowed to enroll in a more advanced course.
Prior Knowledge refers to the information, experiences, and beliefs that a learner already possesses before entering a new learning situation.
Problem-based Learning means a student-centered approach where learners acquire knowledge by working over an extended period to solve a complex, real-world challenge.
Procedural Knowledge refers to the fundamental “how-to” knowledge required to perform specific tasks, actions, or exercises.
Professional Development is the continuous process of acquiring new skills and certifications to improve one’s effectiveness in a professional role.
Professional Learning refers to the ongoing, collaborative growth and skill-building that educators engage in to improve student outcomes.
Project-based Learning is a teaching method in which students gain knowledge and skills by working for an extended period to investigate and respond to an authentic question.
Public Education refers to a schooling system that is funded by the government and provided to all children in a community for free or at nominal cost.
A quiz refers to a brief assessment used to measure a student’s understanding of specific content or to provide a quick check of progress.
Quantitative Reasoning means the ability to apply mathematical concepts and skills to solve real-world problems and interpret numerical data.
Reasonable Adjustment means a modification or support provided to ensure that students with disabilities have equal access to learning and assessment.
A recommendation letter is a formal document provided by one educational organization to another to mention the performance of the student.
Regional Level refers to an administrative or geographic tier of education management that sits between local districts and national authorities.
Relative Grading is a method of assigning grades based on a student’s performance compared to the performance of their peers rather than a fixed standard.
Remote Classroom refers to a digital environment where students and teachers interact from different physical locations using communication technology.
Remote Education means a mode of instructional delivery where the teacher and the student are separated by distance and use the internet to interact.
Resilient Pedagogy refers to a flexible approach to teaching designed to remain effective across various formats, such as in-person, hybrid, or fully online.
Research is the systematic investigation and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.
Resource Centre refers to a central hub, such as a library or digital portal, that provides access to materials, technology, and support for learning.
Resource Allocation means the strategic distribution of available assets, such as funding, personnel, and time, to support educational goals.
Retrieval Practice refers to a learning strategy that involves deliberately recalling information from memory to strengthen long-term retention.
Rote Learning means a memorisation technique based on repetition, where information is learned by heart without necessarily understanding the underlying meaning and concept.
A rubric is a scoring guide used to evaluate the quality of a student’s work based on a specific set of criteria and performance levels.
Scenario-based Learning is an instructional strategy where students apply their knowledge to solve realistic, complex problems within a simulated context.
School refers to an institution designed to provide learning spaces and environments for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers.
Scientific literacy is the capacity to understand and apply scientific knowledge, methods, and evidence to make informed decisions in daily life.
Service Learning means an educational approach that combines classroom objectives with community service to provide a pragmatic and progressive learning experience.
Situated Learning is a theory suggesting that learning is naturally tied to authentic activity, context, and culture, rather than being abstract and isolated.
Social Emotional Learning refers to the process through which individuals acquire the skills to manage emotions, set goals, and establish positive relationships with others.
Social Loafing means the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively in a group than when working individually.
Social Responsibility is an ethical framework suggesting that individuals and institutions have an obligation to act for the benefit of society at large.
Soft Skills refer to non-technical personality traits and interpersonal abilities, such as communication and empathy, that characterize how a person works in a workplace.
Standardised Test is an assessment administered and scored by a learner to ensure that results can be compared across different populations.
STEM Field refers to the academic disciplines of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics.
Strategic Behaviour means the deliberate actions taken by a learner or educator to achieve specific, long-term goals within an educational setting.
Student-oriented Learning is an instructional shift that places the student at the center of the learning process, focusing on their specific needs and interests.
Student Engagement refers to the degree of attention and curiosity that students show when they are learning or being taught.
Summative Assessment means an evaluation administered at the end of an instructional unit to compare student learning against a standard or benchmark.
A syllabus is an academic document that outlines the expectations, schedule, and requirements for a specific course of study.
Synchronous Massive Online Course (SMOC) refers to an online course that hosts a massive number of participants who all engage with the content simultaneously.
A synchronous session is a real-time learning event where the instructor and students interact at the same time, regardless of their physical location.
Talent mapping refers to the strategic process of identifying the current skills of individuals and determining the future capabilities needed for an organization’s success.
Teacher competence means the specific set of knowledge, abilities, and professional attributes required for an educator to teach effectively.
Terms of reference refer to a document that defines the scope, objectives, and responsibilities of a project or a committee.
Tertiary Education is the level of education that follows high school, encompassing universities, colleges, and vocational training institutes.
Testing refers to a formal method of measuring a student’s knowledge or proficiency in a specific subject area.
Team-based Learning means an instructional strategy that uses structured small groups to enhance and promote student interaction and collective problem-solving.
Teaching Strategy refers to the methods and techniques an educator chooses to help students achieve specific learning objectives.
Technical Education is a program of study designed to provide students with practical skills and specialized knowledge related to a specific trade or craft.
Theory of Action refers to a logical framework that explains how a specific set of educational activities is expected to lead to desired outcomes.
TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is a standardized test used to measure the English language proficiency of non-native speakers.
Teaching-Learning Material refers to any collection of resources, such as worksheets or digital tools, used by teachers to facilitate the educational process.
Transparent Assignment Design means a method of creating assignments that explicitly states the purpose, tasks, and criteria to help students understand expectations of the course or class.
Traditional Classroom refers to a physical learning environment where a teacher delivers face-to-face instruction to students in a synchronized setting.
Transfer Credit means the unit of value awarded by one institution for successful completion of a course at another institution.
Transferable Skills refer to a set of versatile abilities, like communication or leadership, that can be applied across different jobs and industries.
Truancy is the act of a student staying away from school without a valid reason or permission.
Tuition refers to the fee charged by educational institutions for instruction or teaching services.
A university is a high-level educational institution where students study for degrees and where academic research is conducted.
Universal Learning Design refers to a framework for teaching that provides all students with equal opportunities to learn by removing barriers to instruction.
Understudy means a person who learns another’s role or duties to serve as a substitute if needed.
UNICEF refers to the United Nations Children’s Fund, an agency responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide.
Unweighted GPA is a grade point average calculated on a standard 4.0 scale, regardless of the difficulty of the courses taken.
Value-added Material refers to supplementary educational resources that provide extra depth or benefit beyond basic curriculum requirements.
Value-added Measure means a statistical method used to evaluate the contribution of a teacher or school to student progress over time.
Value-added Learning is an evaluation technique to identify the teacher’s contribution in a student’s overall education and learning process.
Value education means teaching and educating the ethical, moral, and fundamental principles in the studies through educational media.
Virtual Classroom refers to an online learning space where students and teachers interact in real-time through video and collaborative tools.
Virtual Instruction means the delivery of educational content and teaching through digital platforms rather than in a physical classroom.
Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) is a web-based platform, such as Moodle or Canvas, used to manage course materials and student interactions.
Visual Learning refers to a learning style where individuals process and retain information more effectively when it is presented in images, charts, or diagrams.
Visual Thinking is a cognitive process that involves using internal or external images to organize ideas and solve problems.
Vocational Education refers to instructional programs that focus on providing students with the technical skills and knowledge required for a specific trade or occupation.
Vulnerable Learning means an educational state where learners are at risk of falling behind due to socio-economic factors or a lack of support.
Washback Effect refers to the influence that a particular test or assessment has on the methods used in teaching and learning.
Web-based Learning is an instructional method where all or most of the course content is delivered and accessed via the internet.
Web-enhanced classes refer to traditional face-to-face courses that use online tools and resources to supplement classroom instruction.
Weighted GPA means a grade point average that assigns more numerical value to grades earned in advanced or honors courses.
Whole School Learning is an integrated approach where the entire school community works together to promote consistent educational goals and values.
Work Study Program refers to a financial aid initiative that provides students with part-time jobs to help pay for their education.
Weighted Grades means the practice of assigning different levels of importance to various assignments or tests when calculating a final grade.
A yearbook is an annual publication that documents and commemorates the events and people of a school year, which may contain its activities, achievements, and contributions.
Year-Round Education refers to a school calendar that distributes instructional days across the entire year with shorter, more frequent breaks.
Zoom Classroom is an online space where the teacher teaches the students over a Zoom call.